My personal version of this is keep your fingernails where you can see them - works especially with big machines like jointers.
On dust extraction, at least Mirka has mesh-style sanding pads (Abranet) that are great at allowing dust removal. I think Bosch also sells similar stuff now.
If circulating air inside the shop, you could run it through an indoor air purifier. These machines are sold for pollen allergies, but basically they are just blowers with A/C filter panels in them. Should be easy to DIY such a box.
If you are working with paint or other substances with strong o