A lot of what you need depends on how resourceful and handy you figure you are. Many of the folks here are building guitars on their kitchen tables with minimal tools and many have fully equipped shops. It also depends on what kind of budget you have. You will definitely find yourself buying specific tools when collecting material/hardware and while you work on your guitar.
You can use a variety of tools for shaping wood, the more the merrier. That includes power tools like jointer, bandsaw, router, jigsaw, skilsaw, palm sander, belt sander, drill and all the various sized blades, bits and grits that go with them. Hand tools like wood chisels, rasps, block plane, rabbit plane, scroll saw, sanding blocks (rigid and flexible). Various types and sizes of clamps come in handy. Sandpaper grits ranging from 60 to 400 for woodsanding and then 600 to the finest for finish wetsanding. I use yellow carpenter's wood glue.
There are also triangular files, fret files, straightedges, radiused sanding blocks, fret press for fret work. Soldering equipment as well. There are various stains, dyes, paints, clearcoats available and that will include the use of spraying equipment, rattle cans work too.
There are a few more items I'm sure I've missed. It all depends on how good you are at using tools in general. There IS a basic methodology at forming all the parts and assembling them, something to think about before starting. Some people fly by the seat of their pants while others plan it out to the last detail including the use of drawings and templates. I like to do my research first and get it right in my head beforehand, but along the way I will usually cut some corners and improvise in some areas.